Network Classification

Network Classification
The following list presents major categories used for classifying networks.

Scale
Based on the scale networks can be classified as Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN) , Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) etc.,

Connection method
Computer networks can also be classified according to the hardware technology that is used to connect the individual devices in the network such as Optical fibre, Ethernet, Wireless LAN, HomePNA, or Power line communication.

Ethernet uses physical wiring to connect devices. Often deployed devices are hubs, switches, bridges, and/or routers.

Wireless LAN technology is designed to connect devices without wiring. These devices use radio waves as transmission medium.

Functional relationship (Network Architectures)
Computer networks may be classified according to the functional relationships which exist among the elements of the network, e.g., Active Networking, Client-server and Peer-to-peer (workgroup) architecture.

Network topology
Computer networks may be classified according to the network topology upon which the network is based, such as Bus network, Star network, Ring network, Mesh network, Star-bus network, Tree or Hierarchical topology network, etc.

Network Topology signifies the way in which devices in the network see their logical relations to one another. The use of the term "logical" here is significant. That is, network topology is independent of the "physical" layout of the network. Even if networked computers are physically placed in a linear arrangement, if they are connected via a hub, the network has a Star topology, rather than a Bus Topology. In this regard the visual and operational characteristics of a network are distinct; the logical network topology is not necessarily the same as the physical layout.